Morbidity and Mortality Associated with Dysnatremia in Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Keywords:
Morbidity, Mortality, Dysnatremia, Traumatic Brain InjuryAbstract
Background: Blood-brain barrier disruption is cited in the literature on severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), manifesting as dysnatremia in some cases. The effect of the dysnatremia and clinical outcomes of TBI is not well studied. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between dysnatremia at admission time and outcome in patients with severe TBI.
Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted on all adult patients admitted with severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] <=8) in Peymanieh hospital of Jahrom city, south of Iran in 2017-2020. In-hospital mortality was the primary outcome; Vegetative state, severe disability, moderate disability, and good recovery were secondary evaluated outcomes. Demographic variables, vital signs, and trauma mechanisms were also recorded. Univariate analyses for factors associated with mortality were performed.
Result: A total number of 99 patients fulfilled the criteria for inclusion. Ten patients (10.10%) experienced dysnatremia. There was a significant relationship between dysnatremia and the outcome of treatment (X2 (8) = 40.81, P = 0.001) based on the cross-tabulation. There were significantly higher odds of death in patients with dysnatremia, compared to participants with normal sodium levels (OR=43.5, CI95%: 6.69 to 282.59). Getting a good recovery of disease had 0.101 (CI95%: 0.023 to 0.43) times lower odds in dysnatremic participants compared to participants with normal sodium levels. Other outcomes were not statistically different among study groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Dysnatremia in the first 24 hours after traumatic brain injury could worsen the outcome.
Declarations:
Funding:
Jahrom University of Medical Sciences.
Conflicts of interest:
None.
Authors' contributions:
ER, ME, and HA registered the study protocol. ME, NK, MR collected datasets. NK performed statistical analyses. All authors contributed to writing and editing the manuscript.
Acknowledgments
None.
Ethical considerations
The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences with the code IR.JUMS.REC.1396.302.
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